Improvement in boring artesian wells



UNITED STATES W. A. FISHER, 0F LOWER MERION, lENNSYLVAJIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN BORING ARTE'SIAN WELLS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. dated June 27, 1865.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, W. A. Frsnnn, of Lower Meriom Montgomery county, Pennsylvania,

have inventedl an Improved Apparatus for Boring Artesian Wells; land I do hereby declare the following tojbe afull, clear, and exact description lof the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

My invention consists,'rst, in a drill composed ot' two or more sections, each having a cutting-edge, the whole being arranged and secured together, substantially as described hereinafter,sothat theymay bereadilydetached Y when the drillhas to be sharpened 5v secondly,

in a drill with 'cutting-edges formed and arrangedin respect to each other, substantially as described hereinafter; thirdly, in a tube coml1V is a sectional elevation of my improved apparatus for boring Artesian wells; Fig. 2, an inverted plan view of the drill; Fig. 3, a section onthe line l 2, Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 a section on the line 3 4, Fig. l. e

Similarletters refer to similar ,parts through out the several views.

A is a tube or case, to the lower end of which the upper end of a drill or cutter, B, is secured by any suitable appliances. The drill B consists of a central section, a, and two side lsections, b b, the lower end ofthe section a being reduced toa straight-edge,.r, and the lower end of each of the side sections, b, prcsentin g a sharp curved edge, y, and these curved edges being formed and arranged in respect to each other and to the straight cutting-edge of the section a in the manner best observed on reference to Fig. 2. In the inner side of each of the sections b is cut a groove or channel, e, which communicatas at the upper end with an opening, c', in

the upper portion ot' the section a.. A portion of the drill B, directly below the tube A, is reduced in diameter, and around-this portion fits a metal band, d. whichretains the sections ot the drill in their proper relativepositions.

Within the tube A, directly above the upper end of the drill, is' a partition, C, from the center of which projectsa tube, D, the lower end of the latter containing a valve, f, and communicating with the opening e of the drill.

In both the partition C and the case A is an opening, ct', which is closed by a screwplu g, ,7.

Through a crossapiece, E. in the upper end of the case A passes a bar, F, which is secured to the lower end of a rod,G, the said bar sliding in the cross-piece, its downward motion being limited by the shoulder a, and its upward motion by the plate h at the lower end of the bar.

A bucket, K, having a iiange, f', is'adaptedl to the tube D, and this bucket is connected by the yoke on and rod m to the bar F.

The rope by which the drill is suspended within the well is attached to the end of the rod Gr, and a reciprocating motion is imparted to the same, so as to raise and lower the drill. As this motion is continued the cutting-edges of the drill will strike the rock, and the water l in the well below the drill will be raised by the action'of the valves fand f', through the openings e e and e,into the pipe ll), and from the latter into the case, the water as it ascends carrying with it the detritus, which is also carried into the case, where it settles around the' pipe D. VWhen the. entire space between the pipeD-and the case is, filled the apparatus is raisedand the plug g is removed, when the water, together with the detritus within the casing, will flow out through the opening a.

The apparatus is turned, as usual,from time to time, so that the cutting-edges ofthe drill may strike the rock at different points.

When the drill has to be sharpened it is detached from the case A,the band d is removed, and the sections are sharpened separately.

Should the drill become wedged within the well the rod G will be raised quickly, so as to bring the plate h smartly against the under side of the cross-piece E, the sudden jar thus imparted to the drill tending to release it from the position in which it has become fixed.

By the aboveulcscrbed apparatus the detritus is removed from the rock as'rapidly 4as the latter is-cut away, and is deposited in the ca se *A, Yfrom which it may be withdrawn' without detaching the'sa'me from theropes, a large ex tent of cutting surface is presented by the drill, and the latter may be quickly sharpened without the tedious -manipulation necessary when itis composed entirely of Aa single piece ofmetal. Although I -have shown and described'the "drill asl being composed of .three sections, it may be made of a greater number, or of two onlydf desirable. t --1 Without confining myself to the exact construction and arrangementof parts herein 4descrbed, I claim as my invent-ion and desire-to .secure by Letters Patent- 1. The drill B, com-posedof two or more 'dei tachable sections, esch-havinga cutting-edge,

und the' whole being arranged'andsecured tof 'gether by the nrithi'n-desoribed devices', or their equivalents', substantially as and' for the. purpose specified. 2. A drill with a central straight cuttingedge, a, and a curved cutting-edge, y, at Ieach side ofthesame, arranged in-respect to each other as described.

3. The tube D, combined withth'e casing A, drill --B, and its valve, substantially as and for the Purpose spei'ed.-

4, v'Ihe vcase. A, its cross-piece E, and drill in combination with the sliding rod F and its y plate' h, all being arranged and operating substantially as and forthe purpose described'.

- In testimonywlereof I havesigued my name, to this specilcation in the presence of two subl A scribing witnesses. l

Witnesses s J oHN WHITE.

OnARLEs Fos'rnn, 

